Tobacco dependence is the number one cause of preventable death in Canada.
Makomaski Illing, E.M., & Kaiserman, M.J. (2004). Mortality attributable to tobacco use in Canada and its regions, 1998. Can J Pub Health, 95, 38–44.
Prevention efforts must include both adolescents and young adults to encompass both initial experimentation and progression to daily use.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office on Smoking and Health. (2012).
Even brief simple advice from a physician increases the likelihood of successfully quitting smoking and remaining a nonsmoker 12 months later.
Stead, L.F., Bergson, G., & Lancaster, T. (2008). Physician advice for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD000165.
It is important to feel confident in exploring smoking issues with those patients who are less motivated to quit—patient-centred counselling can reduce defensiveness in these patients.
Ockene, J.K., Kristeller, J., Goldberg, R., Amick, T.L., Pekow, P.S., Hosmer, D., Quirk, M., & Kalan, K. (1991). Increasing the efficacy of physician-delivered smoking interventions. J Gen Intern Med, 6, 1-8.
The combination of medication and counselling sessions is more effective for smoking cessation than either medication or counselling alone.
Fiore, M. (2008). Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update: Clinical Practice Guideline. Rockville (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service.
Smokers make an average of three to four quit attempts over seven to 10 years before they achieve long-term maintenance.
Prochaska, J.O., DiClemente, C.C., & Norcross, J.C. (1992). In search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors. Am Psychol, 47, 1102-14.
